The Polish Ambassador to the UK, Prof. Piotr Wilczek, spoke at the reception for the British MPs and Polish, British and Ukrainian political activists during the Conservative Party Conference in Manchester.

The meeting provided a timely opportunity to hear from the ambassador ahead of Poland’s elections in mid-October and served to reinforce the bonds between the UK and Poland.

The event took place in Manchester on 2 October, 2023.

Below is the entire text of the speech.

My Lords, Ladies, and Gentlemen,

„I am here to reflect on the deep-rooted ties between Poland and the United Kingdom. It’s essential to underscore Poland’s current role, achievements, and global contributions. Polish-British ties are shaped not only by shared history but also by mutual respect and an understanding of each nation’s values and traditions. Poland’s modern accomplishments further underscore the significance of this enduring relationship.

I am profoundly humbled and honoured to serve as Poland’s ambassador to the Court of St James’s. To me, this is not merely a title—it represents a sacred duty, a bridge between two great nations. Daily, I am reminded of the countless Polish and British individuals who have nurtured the relationship between our countries. From the valiant pilots of the Polish RAF Squadrons, who defended British skies during the Second World War, to today’s academics, artists, and entrepreneurs, the bond between Poland and the UK is palpable. Our two countries have a storied history of cooperation, having fought together in wars, worked towards peace, and shared cultural and economic ties.

In recent years, Polish-British relations have been fortified by our shared dedication to democracy, human rights, and the rule of law. We have also collaborated on various international issues like climate change, security, and trade.

In July 2023, the UK and Poland issued a joint declaration on foreign policy, security, and defense, mapping out their strategic partnership until 2030. The two nations have cooperated extensively in defending Euro-Atlantic security and are members of organizations like NATO, the UN, and the OSCE. This declaration accentuates the importance of robust transatlantic relations for European peace and stability. It also extends support to Ukraine against Russian aggression, with both nations offering humanitarian aid and committing to defend Ukraine’s independence, sovereignty, and territorial integrity. This declaration views Russia as the paramount threat to Alliance security and urges measures to deter future hostility. It also acknowledges the emerging military and economic threat posed by Belarus. Overall, the declaration underscores the shared vision of the UK and Poland to champion and safeguard freedom, democracy, and international law.

The conflict in Ukraine has further solidified our ties. Poland remains a steadfast ally of Ukraine, while the United Kingdom has significantly aided Ukraine militarily and financially.

Several other areas denote the flourishing Polish-British relations:

• Trade and Investment: Poland stands as the United Kingdom’s premier trading partner in Central and Eastern Europe. The robust economic relationship between the two holds promise for even more growth.
• Education and Research: Strong links exist between Polish and British academic institutions, driving innovation and economic development in both countries.
• Culture and Tourism: Both Poland and the UK are steeped in rich cultural traditions, with mutual interest on the rise. The tourism sector, expanding in both nations, holds further growth potential.

I am confident that Polish-British relations will remain robust and continue to thrive in the coming years. With shared values and mutual interests, our nations are committed to collaboratively forging a brighter future for our people.

Allow me now to trace Poland’s remarkable transformation from the post-communist era of 1989 to today’s economic powerhouse, as well as our unwavering support for Ukraine. I will discuss our keys to success, the challenges that lie ahead, and the pressing, unresolved issue of Second World War compensations. Poland’s resilience, our commitment to justice, and our vision for a united future are of paramount importance.

The post-communist era, starting from 1989, has witnessed Poland undergo a phoenix-like metamorphosis. Our GDP per capita has astonishingly tripled since then. Today, we proudly stand as the 5th largest economy in the European Union and the 22nd globally. Our affiliations with NATO and the European Union not only cement our geopolitical importance but highlight our economic strides on the world stage.

The secret of our economic renaissance is multi-faceted:

– Market reforms: The introduction of free-market reforms fostered an environment conducive to entrepreneurship and business growth.

– Foreign investment: Poland has magnetized over $250 billion in foreign investment since 1989, testament to global confidence in our economic potential.

– Skilled workforce: Our educational institutions and training programs have nurtured a workforce adept in diverse industries and modern technologies.

– Geographic position: Our central location in Europe offers a strategic advantage, making us a prime hub for business and commerce.

As a result of these pivotal factors, Poland has become a nexus for manufacturing in Europe. Industries such as automotive, electronics, and IT see Poland not merely as a participant but as a leader.

Our economic metrics further elucidate our success story:

– Unemployment, once as high as 16% in 1990, has commendably plummeted to 5.0% in 2023.

– From grappling with a poverty rate of 22% in 1990, our relentless efforts have brought it down to 12% in 2023.

– Our citizens’ average income has witnessed a monumental increase, surging by over 500% since 1989.

Furthermore, Poland’s prowess as an exporter is evident, with exports now accounting for more than 50% of our GDP.

However, no journey is devoid of challenges. While we have accomplished much, the road ahead demands continued diligence, innovation, and collaboration.

Poland’s economic odyssey, from its tumultuous past to its promising present, is a testament to the indefatigable spirit of the Polish people. It showcases our ability to transform adversity into opportunity, despair into hope. Poland’s story is an inspiration, not just for nations in transition, but for anyone daring to dream of a brighter future.

The recent challenges faced by Ukraine have not only tested the strength and resilience of the Ukrainian people but have also revealed the character and commitment of Poland and its people. Our country, understanding the depth of human suffering and the grave implications of unchecked aggression, has been at the forefront in assisting Ukraine during its time of need.

Poland’s assistance to Ukraine has been multifaceted:

– Military aid: We have contributed billions in military aid, including tanks, artillery, and ammunition, strengthening Ukraine’s defences against aggression.

– Humanitarian support: Our commitment to the well-being of the Ukrainian people is unyielding. Through the provision of food, water, and medical supplies, we’ve worked to alleviate the humanitarian crisis that has arisen as a consequence of the Russian invasion.

– Refugee assistance: Poland has opened its doors and heart to over 2 million Ukrainian refugees, making our nation the largest recipient of Ukrainian refugees in Europe. Our communities, our schools, and our public services have been accommodating and integrating these individuals, ensuring they have a place of safety amidst uncertainty.

– Advocacy: We have used our voice and influence on the international stage to denounce the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Pushing for stringent sanctions against Russia, we stand firmly on the side of justice, sovereignty, and international law.

– Strategic alliances: Poland remains a strong advocate for Ukraine’s inclusion in global communities. We ardently support their bid for membership in the European Union and NATO, believing that a united front strengthens us all.

It’s crucial to address recent media reports suggesting Poland’s wavering commitment to Ukraine. Allow me to clarify unequivocally: Poland’s dedication to Ukrainian sovereignty and security remains steadfast. Our support goes beyond just military ties, underscored by initiatives like the Polish Logistic Hub (POLLOGHUB) and the extensive economic exchanges we share.

From the outset of the conflict, Poland acted promptly, delivering essential military assets like Leopard 2 tanks and MiG-29 fighter jets to Ukraine. These actions cement our role as champions of European security against the resurging imperialistic tendencies of Russia. We’ve consistently stood by our commitments, fulfilling notable agreements such as the significant contract that saw the delivery of Krab self-propelled howitzers, among other assets, to Ukraine.

It’s imperative to also address concerns surrounding the Ukrainian grain situation. While Poland wishes for a prosperous and strong Ukraine, we must also safeguard our citizens and our economy. It’s a little-known fact that, before the conflict, only 1% of Ukrainian crops entered the Polish market. But after Russia’s blockade of the Black Sea, a surge in grain transit through Poland disrupted our market, causing significant losses for our local farmers. As a result, we took measures to protect our agriculture sector, not out of spite, but to shield our economy from unforeseen consequences.

Solidarity, deeply embedded in the Polish psyche, demands mutual respect and understanding. While we have borne a significant economic and logistical burden in our support for Ukraine, amounting to over 3% of our GDP, it’s vital that our contributions are seen in the light of mutual cooperation. Our assistance to Ukraine isn’t solely about aid; it’s also about maintaining a balance that ensures the prosperity and safety of both nations.

The unwavering support Poland has extended to Ukraine is not just a testimony to our geopolitical strategy but speaks volumes about our national character. We understand, perhaps more profoundly than many, the scars left by oppression, invasion, and external dominance.

 

My Lords, Ladies, and Gentlemen,

Our commitment to Ukraine mirrors our national journey. Just as we have risen from the shadows of adversity, we believe in supporting our neighbours in their quest for self-determination, peace, and prosperity.

Poland’s role in these challenging times extends beyond mere diplomacy. It is a testament to our commitment to human rights, democracy, and the principles that form the bedrock of a free and just society. It also underscores our place in the world as not merely observers but active participants shaping global narratives.

However, Poland’s journey is not yet complete. We still have a long way to go to fully heal the wounds of the past. One of the most pressing issues we face is that of war compensations.

The Second World War left an indelible impact on the global population, resulting in the loss of millions of lives and profound repercussions for countless others affected by the conflict. Its legacy continues to shape international relations and policy decisions today. One persisting issue is compensation for the war’s victims – a matter of particular significance for Poland. Given the passing of many who suffered during the war, ascertaining deserving recipients and equitable reparations has proven difficult. Yet, the debate over war compensation endures, and from our perspective, it remains crucial to persist in exploring solutions for this intricate issue.

As you know, Poland suffered immense losses during the Second World War. Our population was decimated, our infrastructure was ravaged, and our economy lay in ruins. Yet, despite these staggering losses, we received no redress in the war’s aftermath. Although the Potsdam Agreement acknowledged the obligations owed to Poland, the decision to channel them through the Soviet Union, which exerted dominating influence over us, proved grossly unjust. Consequently, my country never received the compensations it was rightfully due. The 'Iron Curtain’ not only physically separated nations but also stifled our voice, denying Poland’s right to self-determination and equitable negotiation.

In a painstaking effort to quantify our losses, our government compiled the “Report on the Losses Sustained by Poland as a Result of German Aggression and Occupation during the Second World War, 1939-1945”. This comprehensive three-volume work values our wartime damages at an estimated USD 1.53 trillion. Beyond mere numbers, it captures the heart-wrenching tales of every Polish citizen who endured pain, loss, and sacrifice. This report is an instrument for open dialogue, a foundation for public debate, and a testament to the global community.

Nevertheless, our efforts for acknowledgment and compensation face obstacles. Despite presenting our claims, Berlin maintains that the issue of wartime compensation is ‘closed’. Yet, can justice truly have an expiration date? Can a nation’s profound pain and loss be merely archived as a chapter of the past?

The Polish government remains resolute: the matter of compensation is far from resolved. We firmly believe this issue must be addressed with the gravity and attention it warrants.

To this end, we’re redoubling our efforts on international platforms and intensifying bilateral engagements. Our objective is clear: to spotlight Poland’s plight and gather necessary support for our cause. Despite these challenges, I believe it’s vital to continue exploring solutions to offer redress for the Second World War’s victims. While complete justice might elude those who suffered, compensation can acknowledge the harm caused and provide some closure for victims and their families. Such compensation can also serve as a reminder of any war’s devastating consequences and hold those guilty of aggression accountable. We believe that a just and fair settlement for war damages is essential for healing past wounds and establishing lasting peace in Europe.

My Lords, Ladies, and Gentlemen,

It would be a disservice to both the UK and Poland to speak without highlighting our shared legacy and intertwined destinies. In the mosaic of global diplomacy, our nations are two adjoining tiles, with each enhancing the beauty and significance of the other. The ties that bind us comprise not only shared history but also shared ambitions and mutual respect.

The history between our countries spans centuries, covering arts, sciences, and most notably, the battlefield. The Polish RAF Squadrons during the Second World War epitomize the bond forged in fire and adversity. They defended not just the UK but the ideals our nations both cherish.

Today, our partnership involves not just acknowledging and commemorating our past but actively shaping our collective future. Whether in trade, education, or cultural exchanges, the synergy between the UK and Poland is undeniable. Collaboration in research and development between our institutions is pushing human knowledge’s boundaries, and the flow of ideas across our borders attests to our people’s innovative spirit.

Both Poland and the UK ardently champion human rights, democracy, and the rule of law. This shared commitment is evident in the numerous international forums where our nations have been advocates for the voiceless, often leading the way for justice and equality. The support the UK has extended to Ukraine, both militarily and financially, not only bolstered our European neighbour but also conveyed a clear message about our collective values.

While we must recognize the growing economic dimension of our relationship, with Poland emerging as a pivotal trade partner for the UK, it’s also vital to acknowledge our cultural convergence. The UK has experienced the indomitable Polish spirit, both through its rich literature and the waves of talented individuals who have made the British Isles their home, enriching local communities with their unique experiences and perspectives.

As the Ambassador of Poland, I see countless stories of collaboration daily, from joint company ventures to academic projects. These narratives underline the mutual respect our countries hold for each other and the recognition of the vast potential in our partnership.

It’s also essential to highlight Poland’s transformative journey since 1989. We’ve shown the world that with determination, resilience, and vision, fortunes can be reversed. Today, Poland stands tall not only as an economic success story but also as a beacon of democracy and a testament to human spirit. Our success stems from a combination of factors, including market reforms, foreign investments, a skilled workforce, and a strategic geographic position in Europe. These achievements fill us with pride and inspire us to set even higher benchmarks for ourselves.

The current global landscape is not devoid of challenges. The situation in Ukraine has highlighted peace’s fragility and the importance of collective action. Poland, with its historical understanding of conflict and occupation’s pains, has been unwavering in its support for Ukraine. Our aid spans from military assistance to humanitarian efforts, assuring the Ukrainian people they aren’t alone in their struggle.

Yet, with the Second World War compensations issue still lingering, Poland understands acknowledgment’s value. Our losses during the conflict were profound and deep, and while we don’t blame the current generation, it’s imperative history is acknowledged and past actions recognized. Our efforts to quantify these losses and bring them to international attention isn’t about dwelling in the past but ensuring the future is built on truth and justice.

In conclusion, Ladies and Gentlemen, as we look towards the future, let’s remember the ties binding the UK and Poland. Let’s celebrate our shared values, mutual respect, and the myriad stories of collaboration enriching both our nations. The path ahead might be fraught with challenges, but together, no obstacle is too vast, no mountain insurmountable. Let our past guide us, our present inspire us, and our shared vision drive us towards a brighter, more collaborative future.

Thank you.”